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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šijβundaŋam | om šijβundaŋ |
| 2SG: | šijβundaŋat | ot šijβundaŋ |
| 3SG: | šijβundaŋeš | ok/ogeš šijβundaŋ |
| 1PL: | šijβundaŋə̑na | ona/ogə̑na šijβundaŋ |
| 2PL: | šijβundaŋə̑da | oda/ogə̑da šijβundaŋ |
| 3PL: | šijβundaŋə̑t | ogə̑t šijβundaŋ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šijβundaŋə̑m | šə̑m šijβundaŋ |
| 2SG: | šijβundaŋə̑č́ | šə̑č́ šijβundaŋ |
| 3SG: | šijβundaŋe | ə̑š šijβundaŋ |
| 1PL: | šijβundaŋna | ə̑šna šijβundaŋ |
| 2PL: | šijβundaŋda | ə̑šda šijβundaŋ |
| 3PL: | šijβundaŋə̑č́ | ə̑št šijβundaŋ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šijβundaŋə̑nam | šijβundaŋə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | šijβundaŋə̑nat | šijβundaŋə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | šijβundaŋə̑n | šijβundaŋə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | šijβundaŋə̑nna | šijβundaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | šijβundaŋə̑nda | šijβundaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | šijβundaŋə̑nə̑t | šijβundaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šijβundaŋam ə̑l'e | om šijβundaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šijβundaŋat ə̑l'e | ot šijβundaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šijβundaŋeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš šijβundaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šijβundaŋə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na šijβundaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šijβundaŋə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da šijβundaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šijβundaŋə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t šijβundaŋ ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šijβundaŋam ulmaš | om šijβundaŋ ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šijβundaŋat ulmaš | ot šijβundaŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šijβundaŋeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš šijβundaŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šijβundaŋə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na šijβundaŋ ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šijβundaŋə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da šijβundaŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šijβundaŋə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t šijβundaŋ ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šijβundaŋə̑nam ə̑l'e | šijβundaŋə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šijβundaŋə̑nat ə̑l'e | šijβundaŋə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šijβundaŋə̑n ə̑l'e | šijβundaŋə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šijβundaŋə̑nna ə̑l'e | šijβundaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šijβundaŋə̑nda ə̑l'e | šijβundaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šijβundaŋə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | šijβundaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šijβundaŋə̑nam ulmaš | šijβundaŋə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šijβundaŋə̑nat ulmaš | šijβundaŋə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šijβundaŋə̑n ulmaš | šijβundaŋə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šijβundaŋə̑nna ulmaš | šijβundaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šijβundaŋə̑nda ulmaš | šijβundaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šijβundaŋə̑nə̑t ulmaš | šijβundaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šijβundaŋ | it šijβundaŋ |
| 3SG: | šijβundaŋže | ə̑nže šijβundaŋ |
| 1PL: | (šijβundaŋə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na šijβundaŋ) |
| 2PL: | šijβundaŋza | ida šijβundaŋ |
| 3PL: | šijβundaŋə̑št | ə̑nə̑št šijβundaŋ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šijβundaŋnem | ə̑nem šijβundaŋ |
| 2SG: | šijβundaŋnet | ə̑net šijβundaŋ |
| 3SG: | šijβundaŋneže | ə̑než šijβundaŋ |
| 1PL: | šijβundaŋnena | ə̑nena šijβundaŋ |
| 2PL: | šijβundaŋneda | ə̑neda šijβundaŋ |
| 3PL: | šijβundaŋnešt | ə̑nešt šijβundaŋ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šijβundaŋnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem šijβundaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šijβundaŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net šijβundaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šijβundaŋneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než šijβundaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šijβundaŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena šijβundaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šijβundaŋneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda šijβundaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šijβundaŋnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt šijβundaŋ ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šijβundaŋnet ulmaš | ə̑net šijβundaŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šijβundaŋneže ulmaš | ə̑než šijβundaŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | šijβundaŋneda ulmaš | ə̑neda šijβundaŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šijβundaŋnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt šijβundaŋ ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | šijβundaŋaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | šijβundaŋman |
| Active participle: | šijβundaŋše |
| Passive participle: | šijβundaŋme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | šijβundaŋšaš |
| Negative participle: | šijβundaŋdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | šijβundaŋə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | šijβundaŋde |
| Gerund of prior action: | šijβundaŋmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | šijβundaŋmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | šijβundaŋšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | šijβundaŋmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | šijβundaŋdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||